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ACCA AA工资审计内部控制
文章来源：ACCA全球官网
发布时间：2021-09-29 13:34
阅读：824次
Relevant to candidates attempting Foundations in Audit and
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This article focuses on the audit of wages but many of the points made also apply to salaries(the term payroll covers both).The distinction between the two is that wages are normally paid weekly in cash to employees working in departments such as production.Salaries,on the other hand,are paid monthly to employees normally working in administrative departments,via electronic transfers to their bank accounts.Changes in technology and less reliance on cash have blurred this traditional distinction and many hourly paid employees are now paid via bank transfer.However,in some small companies or in parts of the world where few people have bank accounts,employees are still paid in cash based on hours in attendance or work completed.
The auditor is required to plan and perform their work in order to form an opinion on the financial statements and in doing so to obtain reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement,whether due to fraud or error.As such this article will consider some of the key considerations that the auditor should make when planning and performing work on payroll,including the nature,timing and extent of procedures that should be carried out.The article will also consider the potential for fraud within the payroll function and some of the fraud risk factors that the auditor should be alert to when planning and performing their work.
Audit work on wages–timing
Much of the audit work on the wages system may be performed during the interim audit,through detailed controls testing,as due to the nature and volume of payroll transactions the auditor is likely to wish to place some reliance on the company’s control system.However,some substantive procedures to confirm payroll costs and wage accruals will form part of the final audit.
Interim audit work on wages should involve the normal stages of recording,evaluating and testing internal controls.
Wages control objectives
In order to evaluate the control system the auditor will firstly consider the objectives which the control activities should be designed to achieve.Typical control objectives for wages include the following:
To ensure that employees are only paid for work done.
To ensure that wages are only paid to valid employees.
To ensure that all wages are authorised.
To ensure that wages are paid at the correct rates of pay.
To ensure that wages are correctly calculated.
To ensure all wages transactions are correctly recorded in the books of account.
To ensure that all payroll deductions are paid over to appropriate third parties(for example,tax authorities)
Evaluation of the internal control system
The evaluation should be performed by considering if controls exist to ensure specified control objectives are met.
Auditors often complete questionnaires to assist in system evaluation.Internal Control Questionnaires(ICQs)ask specific questions about controls relevant to each control objective.The alternative is an Internal Control Evaluation Questionnaire(ICEQs),sometimes referred to as key or control questions which focus on risks rather than objectives.They cover the same areas as control objectives and typical examples include:
Can employees be paid for work not done?
Can wages be paid to fictitious employees?
Can unauthorised wages be paid?
Can errors occur in wage calculations?
Can wage costs be incorrectly recorded?
If the evaluation indicates that controls exist a test of controls will be performed but if controls are weak or absent then a substantive procedure will be appropriate,to determine if material misstatement has occurred.
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